The principle, dubbed as the equation of continuity , describes how the velocity of a fluid changes as it moves through a pipe . Essentially, it declares that for an constant density liquid, the volume flow rate stays unchanged along a streamline . Mathematically, this is expressed as A₁V₁ = A₂V₂,

The field of genetic modification relies on a variety of delivery vehicles to introduce modified genetic material into target cells. These vehicles play a vital role in enabling targeted gene editing and manipulation. Some common types of delivery systems include viral particles, liposomes, and arti